User Acceptance Testing (UAT) represents the final validation stage before software goes live, where end users verify the system meets business requirements. Proper UAT documentation ensures systematic validation, clear communication with stakeholders, and formal sign-off procedures that protect both development teams and business owners.
Understanding UAT Documentation Purpose
UAT documentation serves multiple critical functions in the software delivery lifecycle. It provides a structured framework for business users to validate functionality, creates an audit trail for compliance and governance, and establishes clear acceptance criteria that determine project success. Unlike technical testing documentation, UAT documents focus on business processes, user workflows, and real-world scenarios that reflect actual system usage.
The documentation becomes particularly crucial in regulated industries where proof of user validation is mandatory. Financial services, healthcare, and government projects often require comprehensive UAT documentation to demonstrate due diligence and regulatory compliance. Even in less regulated environments, proper UAT documentation prevents scope creep, manages expectations, and provides legal protection for all parties involved.
Essential UAT Document Components
UAT Test Plan
The UAT test plan establishes the foundation for acceptance testing activities. This document outlines testing scope, objectives, approach, and success criteria from a business perspective.
# UAT Test Plan - Order Management System
## 1. Objectives
- Validate order processing workflow meets business requirements
- Confirm system usability for customer service representatives
- Verify integration with existing ERP system
- Ensure compliance with data protection regulations
## 2. Scope
### In Scope:
- Order creation and modification processes
- Customer search and management
- Inventory checking and allocation
- Basic reporting functions
### Out of Scope:
- System administration functions
- Advanced analytics (Phase 2)
- Third-party payment gateway configuration
## 3. Acceptance Criteria
- All critical business processes execute without errors
- System response time under 3 seconds for standard operations
- Zero critical defects in production scenarios
- 90% user satisfaction rating from UAT participants
## 4. Testing Approach
- Scenario-based testing using real business cases
- Parallel run with existing system for one week
- Progressive testing from simple to complex workflows
- Daily review sessions with business stakeholders
UAT Test Scripts
Test scripts guide business users through validation scenarios, ensuring comprehensive coverage of business requirements. Unlike technical test cases, UAT scripts use business language and focus on end-to-end processes.
# UAT Test Script: Create New Customer Order
## Test ID: UAT-ORD-001
## Priority: Critical
## Estimated Duration: 15 minutes
### Prerequisites:
- Valid user credentials for Customer Service role
- Test customer account (CUST-TEST-001)
- Available inventory for test products
### Test Steps:
| Step | Action | Expected Result | Pass/Fail | Comments |
|------|--------|-----------------|-----------|----------|
| 1 | Login with CS credentials | Dashboard displays with order menu visible | | |
| 2 | Click "New Order" button | Order creation form opens | | |
| 3 | Search for customer "CUST-TEST-001" | Customer details populate automatically | | |
| 4 | Add product SKU-12345 quantity 2 | Product added to cart, price calculated | | |
| 5 | Apply discount code "UAT10" | 10% discount applied to order total | | |
| 6 | Select "Express Shipping" | Shipping cost added, delivery date shown | | |
| 7 | Click "Process Payment" | Payment screen appears with test gateway | | |
| 8 | Complete payment with test card | Payment confirmed, order number generated | | |
| 9 | Verify order in "Recent Orders" | Order appears with correct status | | |
| 10 | Check inventory update | Available quantity reduced by 2 | | |
### Post-Test Verification:
- [ ] Email confirmation sent to customer
- [ ] Order visible in management dashboard
- [ ] Inventory levels updated correctly
- [ ] Order data synchronized with ERP
UAT Sign-off Documentation
Formal Sign-off Template
The sign-off document provides formal acceptance of the delivered system, marking the transition from testing to production readiness.
# User Acceptance Testing Sign-off Document
## Project: Order Management System v2.0
## UAT Period: October 1-14, 2025
### Testing Summary
- Total Test Cases Executed: 156
- Passed: 148
- Failed: 5 (resolved and retested)
- Deferred: 3 (approved for post-launch fix)
### Acceptance Criteria Status
| Criteria | Target | Actual | Status |
|----------|--------|--------|--------|
| Critical Process Success Rate | 100% | 100% | ✓ Met |
| System Response Time | <3 sec | 2.1 sec avg | ✓ Met |
| User Satisfaction Score | >90% | 94% | ✓ Met |
| Critical Defects | 0 | 0 | ✓ Met |
| Data Accuracy | 99.9% | 99.95% | ✓ Met |
### Outstanding Items (Accepted for Production)
1. Report export to Excel occasionally shows formatting issues (Minor - DEF-234)
2. Help documentation incomplete for advanced features (To be completed by Oct 20)
3. Mobile responsive design optimization pending (Phase 2 scope)
### Sign-off Approval
By signing below, stakeholders confirm:
- The system meets agreed business requirements
- Identified issues are acceptable for production launch
- Post-launch support plan is understood and agreed
**Business Owner:** _________________ Date: _______
**IT Director:** _________________ Date: _______
**UAT Lead:** _________________ Date: _______
**Project Manager:** _________________ Date: _______
User Feedback Collection Methods
Structured Feedback Forms
Collecting systematic feedback during UAT helps identify usability issues and improvement opportunities beyond functional testing.
<!-- UAT Feedback Form Template -->
<form id="uat-feedback">
<section class="user-info">
<label>Name: <input type="text" required></label>
<label>Department: <input type="text" required></label>
<label>Role: <input type="text" required></label>
<label>Testing Date: <input type="date" required></label>
</section>
<section class="functionality-feedback">
<h3>Functionality Assessment</h3>
<div class="rating-item">
<label>Order Processing Workflow:</label>
<select name="order-workflow">
<option>Excellent</option>
<option>Good</option>
<option>Acceptable</option>
<option>Poor</option>
</select>
<textarea placeholder="Comments..."></textarea>
</div>
<div class="rating-item">
<label>System Performance:</label>
<select name="performance">
<option>Very Fast</option>
<option>Acceptable</option>
<option>Slow</option>
<option>Unacceptable</option>
</select>
<textarea placeholder="Specific performance issues..."></textarea>
</div>
</section>
<section class="usability-feedback">
<h3>Usability Evaluation</h3>
<label>
How intuitive is the system? (1-10):
<input type="range" min="1" max="10" name="intuitiveness">
</label>
<label>
Training requirements:
<select name="training-needs">
<option>Minimal (< 1 hour)</option>
<option>Moderate (1-4 hours)</option>
<option>Significant (1-2 days)</option>
<option>Extensive (> 2 days)</option>
</select>
</label>
</section>
<section class="issues-concerns">
<h3>Issues and Concerns</h3>
<textarea name="blockers" placeholder="Show-stopping issues..."></textarea>
<textarea name="improvements" placeholder="Suggested improvements..."></textarea>
<textarea name="missing-features" placeholder="Missing functionality..."></textarea>
</section>
</form>
UAT Test Data Management
Test Data Requirements Document
Proper test data management ensures realistic testing scenarios while protecting sensitive production information.
# UAT Test Data Configuration
test_data_sets:
customers:
- id: CUST-UAT-001
name: "Test Customer Alpha"
credit_limit: 10000
status: "Active"
region: "North"
- id: CUST-UAT-002
name: "Test Customer Beta"
credit_limit: 5000
status: "On Hold"
region: "South"
products:
- sku: "TEST-PROD-001"
name: "UAT Test Product A"
price: 99.99
inventory: 1000
category: "Electronics"
- sku: "TEST-PROD-002"
name: "UAT Test Product B"
price: 49.99
inventory: 500
category: "Accessories"
orders:
historical_orders: 50
date_range: "2025-01-01 to 2025-09-30"
statuses: ["Pending", "Shipped", "Delivered", "Cancelled"]
data_masking_rules:
- field: "credit_card"
method: "tokenize"
- field: "ssn"
method: "partial_mask"
- field: "email"
method: "domain_replace"
Training Documentation for UAT Participants
UAT Participant Guide
Training materials ensure consistent testing approach and maximize UAT effectiveness.
# UAT Participant Training Guide
## Introduction to UAT
User Acceptance Testing validates that the system meets your business needs. Your role is crucial in ensuring the software works correctly for real-world scenarios.
## Your Responsibilities
1. Execute assigned test scripts
2. Document results accurately
3. Report issues immediately
4. Provide constructive feedback
5. Attend daily review sessions
## How to Execute Test Scripts
### Step 1: Access the UAT Environment
- URL: https://uat.company.com
- Credentials: Provided separately via secure email
- Browser: Chrome or Edge (latest version)
### Step 2: Follow Test Scripts
- Read entire script before starting
- Execute steps exactly as written
- Document actual results vs. expected
- Take screenshots of errors
### Step 3: Report Issues
When you encounter an issue:
1. Stop testing that scenario
2. Take a screenshot (Alt+PrtScn)
3. Note the exact error message
4. Record steps to reproduce
5. Submit via issue tracking system
## Common Testing Scenarios
### Positive Testing
- Execute happy path scenarios
- Use valid data
- Follow normal workflows
### Negative Testing
- Try invalid inputs
- Skip required fields
- Test boundary conditions
### Exploratory Testing
- Try alternative paths
- Test "what if" scenarios
- Validate against real experience
## Tips for Effective Testing
- Think like an end user, not a tester
- Question anything that seems unusual
- Compare with current system behavior
- Consider downstream impacts
- Test with production-like volumes
Issue Tracking and Resolution
UAT Defect Log Template
Systematic issue tracking ensures all problems are addressed before go-live.
Defect ID | Test Case | Description | Severity | Status | Assigned To | Resolution | Retest Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
UAT-DEF-001 | UAT-ORD-001 | Discount not applied correctly for bulk orders | High | Fixed | Dev Team | Code fix deployed | Passed |
UAT-DEF-002 | UAT-CUS-003 | Customer search slow with 1000+ results | Medium | In Progress | Dev Team | Index optimization | Pending |
UAT-DEF-003 | UAT-REP-002 | Report header shows wrong date format | Low | Deferred | Dev Team | Post-launch fix | N/A |
UAT Communication Plan
Daily Status Report Template
# UAT Daily Status Report - Day 5 of 10
## Date: October 5, 2025
### Testing Progress
- Planned test cases today: 25
- Executed: 23
- Passed: 20
- Failed: 3
- Blocked: 2
### Key Achievements
- Completed end-to-end order workflow testing
- Validated customer management module
- Confirmed report generation functionality
### Issues and Risks
- **Critical:** Payment gateway timeout under load (UAT-DEF-004)
- **High:** Inventory sync delay with ERP system (UAT-DEF-005)
- **Risk:** Limited availability of business users next week
### Next Steps
- Retest payment gateway with fix (Morning)
- Begin performance testing scenarios (Afternoon)
- Conduct user training session (2:00 PM)
### Decisions Required
- Approve workaround for inventory sync issue
- Confirm go-live date considering current issues
### Attendance
- Business Users: 8 of 10 present
- IT Support: Fully staffed
- Vendor Support: On standby
Post-UAT Lessons Learned
UAT Retrospective Document
# UAT Lessons Learned - Order Management System
## What Went Well
- Strong business user engagement throughout testing
- Clear test scripts reduced ambiguity
- Daily status meetings kept stakeholders informed
- Parallel run identified critical integration issues
- Sign-off process was smooth and well-documented
## Areas for Improvement
- Test data preparation took longer than planned
- Some test scripts lacked negative scenarios
- Issue tracking system training needed earlier
- Performance testing should start sooner
- More business users needed for comprehensive coverage
## Recommendations for Future UAT
1. Begin test data preparation 2 weeks before UAT
2. Include negative test scenarios in all scripts
3. Conduct UAT training 1 week before testing starts
4. Allocate 20% time buffer for issue resolution
5. Establish backup testers for each module
6. Create video tutorials for complex processes
7. Implement automated smoke tests before UAT
## Metrics for Success
- 95% test script completion rate (Achieved: 92%)
- Less than 5 critical defects (Achieved: 3)
- User satisfaction > 90% (Achieved: 94%)
- On-time delivery (Achieved: Yes)
Conclusion
Comprehensive UAT documentation transforms user acceptance testing from a chaotic last-minute activity into a structured validation process. By maintaining detailed test plans, scripts, feedback forms, and sign-off documents, organizations ensure successful system deployments that meet business needs. The investment in proper UAT documentation pays dividends through reduced production issues, improved user satisfaction, and clear accountability for system acceptance. Remember that UAT documentation is not just about testing – it’s about building confidence, managing risk, and ensuring that delivered systems truly serve their intended business purpose.