Test Automation Framework Documentation: Complete Guide

Framework Architecture:
  Presentation Layer:
    - Test Reports (HTML/JSON)
    - Dashboard Integration
    - CI/CD Feedback

  Test Layer:
    - Test Scenarios
    - Test Suites
    - Data-Driven Tests

  Business Layer:
    - Page Objects
    - Business Logic Components
    - Service Wrappers

  Core Framework Layer:
    - WebDriver Manager
    - Configuration Handler
    - Logger Service
    - Database Connector
    - API Client

  Infrastructure Layer:
    - Test Data Repository
    - Environment Configuration
    - CI/CD Pipeline
    - Version Control

# Example: Framework Component Interaction
class TestFrameworkCore:
    """
    Core framework orchestrator managing component interactions.

    Component Dependencies:
    - ConfigManager: Loads environment-specific settings
    - DriverFactory: Creates and manages browser instances
    - LoggerService: Centralized logging
    - ReportGenerator: Test execution reporting
    """

    def __init__(self):
        self.config = ConfigManager()
        self.driver_factory = DriverFactory(self.config)
        self.logger = LoggerService()
        self.reporter = ReportGenerator()

    def initialize_test_environment(self, env='staging'):
        """
        Initialize complete test environment.

        Args:
            env (str): Target environment (dev/staging/prod)

        Returns:
            dict: Initialized components
        """
        self.logger.info(f"Initializing framework for {env}")
        driver = self.driver_factory.create_driver()
        test_data = self.config.load_test_data(env)

        return {
            'driver': driver,
            'config': self.config,
            'data': test_data,
            'logger': self.logger
        }

# Base Page Object Pattern
class BasePage:
    """
    Base page object providing common functionality.

    All page objects inherit from this class to ensure
    consistent implementation of core methods.
    """

    def __init__(self, driver):
        self.driver = driver
        self.wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 10)
        self.logger = LoggerService()

    def find_element(self, locator):
        """
        Smart element finder with automatic wait.

        Args:
            locator (tuple): Locator strategy (By.ID, 'element_id')

        Returns:
            WebElement: Found element
        """
        self.logger.debug(f"Finding element: {locator}")
        return self.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located(locator))

    def click_element(self, locator):
        """Click element with wait for clickability."""
        element = self.wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable(locator))
        self.logger.info(f"Clicking: {locator}")
        element.click()

# Specific Page Object
class LoginPage(BasePage):
    """
    Login page object representing authentication interface.

    Locators:
        - USERNAME_FIELD: Username input field
        - PASSWORD_FIELD: Password input field
        - LOGIN_BUTTON: Submit button
    """

    # Locators
    USERNAME_FIELD = (By.ID, "username")
    PASSWORD_FIELD = (By.ID, "password")
    LOGIN_BUTTON = (By.XPATH, "//button[@type='submit']")
    ERROR_MESSAGE = (By.CLASS_NAME, "error-message")

    def login(self, username, password):
        """
        Perform login operation.

        Args:
            username (str): User credentials
            password (str): User password

        Returns:
            bool: Login success status
        """
        self.find_element(self.USERNAME_FIELD).send_keys(username)
        self.find_element(self.PASSWORD_FIELD).send_keys(password)
        self.click_element(self.LOGIN_BUTTON)

        return self.is_login_successful()

    def is_login_successful(self):
        """Verify successful login by checking URL change."""
        return "dashboard" in self.driver.current_url

class DriverFactory:
    """
    Factory pattern for browser driver creation.

    Supports multiple browsers with consistent configuration
    and automatic cleanup handling.
    """

    BROWSER_CONFIG = {
        'chrome': {
            'options': ['--start-maximized', '--disable-extensions'],
            'capabilities': {'browserName': 'chrome'}
        },
        'firefox': {
            'options': ['-private'],
            'capabilities': {'browserName': 'firefox'}
        },
        'headless': {
            'options': ['--headless', '--no-sandbox'],
            'capabilities': {'browserName': 'chrome'}
        }
    }

    @staticmethod
    def create_driver(browser='chrome', remote=False):
        """
        Create browser driver instance.

        Args:
            browser (str): Browser type (chrome/firefox/headless)
            remote (bool): Use Selenium Grid if True

        Returns:
            WebDriver: Configured driver instance
        """
        if remote:
            return DriverFactory._create_remote_driver(browser)
        return DriverFactory._create_local_driver(browser)

    @staticmethod
    def _create_local_driver(browser):
        """Create local browser driver."""
        config = DriverFactory.BROWSER_CONFIG[browser]

        if browser in ['chrome', 'headless']:
            options = ChromeOptions()
            for opt in config['options']:
                options.add_argument(opt)
            return webdriver.Chrome(options=options)

        elif browser == 'firefox':
            options = FirefoxOptions()
            for opt in config['options']:
                options.add_argument(opt)
            return webdriver.Firefox(options=options)

# config/environments.yaml
environments:
  development:
    base_url: "https://dev.example.com"
    api_url: "https://api-dev.example.com"
    database:
      host: "dev-db.example.com"
      port: 5432
      name: "test_db"
    timeout: 10
    implicit_wait: 5

  staging:
    base_url: "https://staging.example.com"
    api_url: "https://api-staging.example.com"
    database:
      host: "staging-db.example.com"
      port: 5432
      name: "staging_db"
    timeout: 15
    implicit_wait: 10

  production:
    base_url: "https://example.com"
    api_url: "https://api.example.com"
    # Database access restricted in production
    timeout: 20
    implicit_wait: 10

browser_settings:
  default_browser: "chrome"
  headless: false
  window_size: "1920x1080"
  screenshot_on_failure: true

logging:
  level: "INFO"
  format: "%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s"
  file_path: "logs/test_execution.log"

class ConfigManager:
    """
    Centralized configuration management.

    Loads environment-specific settings from YAML files
    and provides access to configuration values.
    """

    def __init__(self, config_file='config/environments.yaml'):
        self.config_file = config_file
        self.config = self._load_config()
        self.environment = os.getenv('TEST_ENV', 'staging')

    def _load_config(self):
        """Load configuration from YAML file."""
        with open(self.config_file, 'r') as file:
            return yaml.safe_load(file)

    def get(self, key, default=None):
        """
        Retrieve configuration value for current environment.

        Args:
            key (str): Configuration key (supports dot notation)
            default: Default value if key not found

        Returns:
            Configuration value

        Example:
            config.get('database.host')  # Returns DB host
        """
        env_config = self.config['environments'][self.environment]

        # Support nested keys with dot notation
        keys = key.split('.')
        value = env_config

        for k in keys:
            if isinstance(value, dict):
                value = value.get(k)
            else:
                return default

        return value if value is not None else default

# Framework Setup Guide

## Prerequisites

### System Requirements
- Python 3.8 or higher
- pip (Python package manager)
- Git for version control
- 4GB RAM minimum (8GB recommended)
- 10GB free disk space

### Required Software
1. **Python Dependencies**
   ```bash
   pip install -r requirements.txt

git clone https://github.com/yourcompany/test-framework.git
cd test-framework

python -m venv venv
source venv/bin/activate  # On Windows: venv\Scripts\activate

pip install -r requirements.txt

cp config/environments.yaml.example config/environments.yaml
# Edit environments.yaml with your settings

pytest tests/smoke/ --html=report.html

export TEST_ENV=staging          # Target environment
export BROWSER=chrome            # Browser selection
export HEADLESS=true             # Headless mode
export REPORT_PATH=./reports     # Report output directory

# Run single test
pytest tests/login_test.py

# Run with specific markers
pytest -m smoke

# Run with coverage
pytest --cov=framework tests/

class TestReportGenerator:
    """
    Generate comprehensive test execution reports.

    Supports multiple output formats:
    - HTML with screenshots
    - JSON for CI/CD integration
    - JUnit XML for Jenkins
    """

    def __init__(self, output_dir='reports'):
        self.output_dir = output_dir
        self.results = []
        self.start_time = None
        self.end_time = None

    def add_test_result(self, test_name, status, duration,
                       screenshot=None, error=None):
        """
        Add test result to report.

        Args:
            test_name (str): Test identifier
            status (str): passed/failed/skipped
            duration (float): Execution time in seconds
            screenshot (str): Path to screenshot if available
            error (str): Error message if failed
        """
        result = {
            'name': test_name,
            'status': status,
            'duration': duration,
            'timestamp': datetime.now().isoformat(),
            'screenshot': screenshot,
            'error': error
        }
        self.results.append(result)

    def generate_html_report(self):
        """Generate HTML report with statistics."""
        total = len(self.results)
        passed = sum(1 for r in self.results if r['status'] == 'passed')
        failed = sum(1 for r in self.results if r['status'] == 'failed')

        html_content = f"""
        <html>
        <head>
            <title>Test Execution Report</title>
            <style>
                body {{ font-family: Arial, sans-serif; margin: 20px; }}
                .summary {{ background: #f0f0f0; padding: 15px; }}
                .passed {{ color: green; }}
                .failed {{ color: red; }}
                table {{ width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; }}
                th, td {{ border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px; }}
            </style>
        </head>
        <body>
            <h1>Test Execution Report</h1>
            <div class="summary">
                <h2>Summary</h2>
                <p>Total Tests: {total}</p>
                <p class="passed">Passed: {passed}</p>
                <p class="failed">Failed: {failed}</p>
                <p>Pass Rate: {(passed/total*100):.2f}%</p>
            </div>

            <h2>Test Results</h2>
            <table>
                <tr>
                    <th>Test Name</th>
                    <th>Status</th>
                    <th>Duration</th>
                    <th>Screenshot</th>
                </tr>
                {self._generate_table_rows()}
            </table>
        </body>
        </html>
        """

        report_path = os.path.join(self.output_dir, 'report.html')
        with open(report_path, 'w') as file:
            file.write(html_content)

        return report_path

# requirements.txt structure
selenium==4.15.0              # Core WebDriver
pytest==7.4.3                 # Testing framework
pytest-html==4.1.1            # HTML reporting
pytest-xdist==3.5.0          # Parallel execution
requests==2.31.0              # API testing
PyYAML==6.0.1                # Configuration management
webdriver-manager==4.0.1      # Automatic driver management
allure-pytest==2.13.2        # Advanced reporting
python-dotenv==1.0.0         # Environment variables

# Development dependencies
pytest-cov==4.1.0            # Code coverage
black==23.12.0               # Code formatting
flake8==6.1.0                # Linting
mypy==1.7.1                  # Type checking

## Weekly Maintenance Checklist

- [ ] Update browser drivers to latest versions
- [ ] Review and merge dependabot pull requests
- [ ] Check CI/CD pipeline health
- [ ] Review failed test trends
- [ ] Update test data if needed

## Monthly Maintenance Tasks

- [ ] Security audit of dependencies (`pip audit`)
- [ ] Performance analysis of test execution
- [ ] Review and refactor flaky tests
- [ ] Update framework documentation
- [ ] Clean up old test reports and logs
- [ ] Framework version release planning

## Quarterly Reviews

- [ ] Architecture review for scalability
- [ ] Team training on new features
- [ ] Technology stack evaluation
- [ ] Test coverage analysis
- [ ] Framework roadmap planning

class FrameworkDiagnostics:
    """
    Diagnostic utilities for framework troubleshooting.

    Helps identify and resolve common framework issues.
    """

    @staticmethod
    def check_driver_compatibility():
        """Verify browser and driver compatibility."""
        checks = {
            'chrome_installed': False,
            'chromedriver_version': None,
            'selenium_version': None,
            'python_version': sys.version
        }

        try:
            driver = webdriver.Chrome()
            checks['chrome_installed'] = True
            checks['chromedriver_version'] = driver.capabilities['chrome']['chromedriverVersion']
            driver.quit()
        except Exception as e:
            checks['error'] = str(e)

        checks['selenium_version'] = selenium.__version__

        return checks

    @staticmethod
    def validate_configuration():
        """Validate framework configuration."""
        config = ConfigManager()

        required_keys = [
            'base_url',
            'timeout',
            'browser_settings.default_browser'
        ]

        issues = []
        for key in required_keys:
            if config.get(key) is None:
                issues.append(f"Missing configuration: {key}")

        return {
            'valid': len(issues) == 0,
            'issues': issues
        }

pipeline {
    agent any

    environment {
        TEST_ENV = 'staging'
        BROWSER = 'headless'
        REPORT_PATH = 'reports'
    }

    stages {
        stage('Setup') {
            steps {
                sh 'python -m venv venv'
                sh '. venv/bin/activate && pip install -r requirements.txt'
            }
        }

        stage('Run Tests') {
            steps {
                sh '''
                    . venv/bin/activate
                    pytest tests/ \
                        --junitxml=results.xml \
                        --html=report.html \
                        --self-contained-html
                '''
            }
        }

        stage('Publish Results') {
            steps {
                junit 'results.xml'
                publishHTML([
                    reportDir: '.',
                    reportFiles: 'report.html',
                    reportName: 'Test Report'
                ])
            }
        }
    }

    post {
        always {
            cleanWs()
        }
    }
}