Accessibility Test Report: Comprehensive Guide for WCAG Compliance Testing

# ACCESSIBILITY TEST REPORT

## Executive Summary

**Application**: E-Commerce Web Platform
**Test Date**: October 8, 2025
**Tester**: Alex Rodriguez (Accessibility Specialist)
**Target Compliance**: WCAG 2.1 Level AA
**Overall Result**: 78% Compliant (Needs Improvement)

### Key Findings
- **Critical Issues**: 12 issues blocking accessibility
- **High Priority**: 23 issues significantly impacting usability
- **Medium Priority**: 45 issues affecting user experience
- **Low Priority**: 18 minor accessibility concerns

### Compliance Summary
| Principle | Level A | Level AA | Level AAA |
|-----------|---------|----------|-----------|
| Perceivable | 85% | 72% | 45% |
| Operable | 90% | 78% | 52% |
| Understandable | 88% | 81% | 60% |
| Robust | 82% | 75% | N/A |

### Recommendation
Prioritize fixing all Critical and High Priority issues within 30 days to achieve WCAG 2.1 Level AA compliance.

## Test Scope

### Pages Tested
1. Homepage (/)
2. Product Listing (/products)
3. Product Detail (/products/[id])
4. Shopping Cart (/cart)
5. Checkout (/checkout)
6. User Account (/account)
7. Search Results (/search)
8. Help Center (/help)

### Testing Tools Used
- **Automated**: axe DevTools, WAVE, Lighthouse
- **Manual**: NVDA Screen Reader, JAWS, VoiceOver
- **Keyboard Navigation**: Manual testing
- **Color Contrast**: Contrast Checker, Colorblind Simulator

### Assistive Technologies Tested
- NVDA 2024.3 (Windows)
- JAWS 2024 (Windows)
- VoiceOver (macOS, iOS)
- TalkBack (Android)
- Dragon NaturallySpeaking (Voice control)

## Detailed Findings

### Critical Issues (12 Found)

#### Issue #1: Missing Alt Text for Product Images
**WCAG Criterion**: 1.1.1 Non-text Content (Level A)
**Severity**: Critical
**Impact**: Screen reader users cannot identify products

**Location**: Product listing page (/products)

**Description**:
Product images lack alternative text descriptions. Screen readers announce "image" without providing meaningful information about the product.

**Evidence**:
```html
<!-- Current (Non-compliant) -->
<img src="/images/product-123.jpg" />

<!-- Should be -->
<img src="/images/product-123.jpg"
     alt="Blue cotton t-shirt with round neck, size medium" />

// Add keyboard event handler
modal.addEventListener('keydown', (e) => {
  if (e.key === 'Escape') {
    closeModal();
    returnFocusToTrigger();
  }
});

// Trap focus within modal
trapFocus(modal);

// Return focus on close
function closeModal() {
  modal.close();
  triggerButton.focus();
}

/* Update CSS */
.secondary-button {
  color: #595959; /* Was #999999 - New ratio: 7.0:1 ✓ */
}

.form-label {
  color: #4A4A4A; /* Was #AAAAAA - New ratio: 9.7:1 ✓ */
}

.footer-link {
  color: #666666; /* Was #888888 - New ratio: 5.7:1 ✓ */
}

<!-- Current (Non-compliant) -->
<input type="email"
       class="error"
       value="invalid-email" />

<!-- Should be -->
<input type="email"
       class="error"
       value="invalid-email"
       aria-invalid="true"
       aria-describedby="email-error" />
<span id="email-error" role="alert">
  Please enter a valid email address
</span>

<header role="banner">
  <nav role="navigation" aria-label="Main navigation">
    <!-- Navigation content -->
  </nav>
</header>

<main role="main">
  <!-- Main content -->
</main>

<footer role="contentinfo">
  <!-- Footer content -->
</footer>

// Example: axe-core integration for automated testing
const { AxePuppeteer } = require('@axe-core/puppeteer');
const puppeteer = require('puppeteer');

async function runAccessibilityTest(url) {
  const browser = await puppeteer.launch();
  const page = await browser.newPage();
  await page.goto(url);

  const results = await new AxePuppeteer(page)
    .withTags(['wcag2a', 'wcag2aa', 'wcag21a', 'wcag21aa'])
    .analyze();

  console.log(`Violations found: ${results.violations.length}`);

  results.violations.forEach(violation => {
    console.log(`
      Issue: ${violation.description}
      WCAG: ${violation.tags.join(', ')}
      Impact: ${violation.impact}
      Elements affected: ${violation.nodes.length}
    `);
  });

  await browser.close();
  return results;
}

// Run tests
const pages = [
  'https://example.com/',
  'https://example.com/products',
  'https://example.com/checkout'
];

pages.forEach(async (page) => {
  await runAccessibilityTest(page);
});

## Manual Accessibility Test Checklist

### Keyboard Navigation
- [ ] All interactive elements accessible via Tab key
- [ ] Logical tab order follows visual layout
- [ ] Focus indicators clearly visible
- [ ] No keyboard traps
- [ ] All functionality available via keyboard
- [ ] Skip links present and functional
- [ ] Modal dialogs manage focus correctly

### Screen Reader Testing
- [ ] All images have appropriate alt text
- [ ] Form labels properly associated
- [ ] Error messages announced
- [ ] Dynamic content updates announced
- [ ] ARIA landmarks properly implemented
- [ ] ARIA live regions for updates
- [ ] Table headers properly associated
- [ ] List structures properly marked up

### Visual Testing
- [ ] Color contrast meets WCAG AA standards
- [ ] Text remains readable at 200% zoom
- [ ] No information conveyed by color alone
- [ ] Text spacing adjustable
- [ ] Content reflows at 320px width
- [ ] No horizontal scrolling at 100% zoom

### Multimedia
- [ ] Videos have captions
- [ ] Audio has transcripts
- [ ] Auto-play can be paused
- [ ] No flashing content >3 times per second

### Forms
- [ ] All form fields have labels
- [ ] Required fields clearly marked
- [ ] Error messages are clear and helpful
- [ ] Error prevention for critical actions
- [ ] Success confirmation provided

### Cognitive Accessibility
- [ ] Consistent navigation across pages
- [ ] Predictable functionality
- [ ] Clear headings and labels
- [ ] Simple, clear language
- [ ] Help and documentation available

## Week 1: Critical Issues
**Goal**: Fix all blocking accessibility issues

- [ ] Add alt text to all images
- [ ] Fix keyboard traps in modals
- [ ] Implement skip links
- [ ] Fix form label associations
- [ ] Add ARIA labels to unlabeled buttons

**Testing**: Daily automated scans, manual verification

## Week 2-3: High Priority Issues
**Goal**: Achieve basic WCAG 2.1 AA compliance

- [ ] Fix color contrast issues
- [ ] Implement accessible form validation
- [ ] Add landmark regions
- [ ] Fix heading hierarchy
- [ ] Implement focus management

**Testing**: Screen reader testing, keyboard navigation

## Week 4-6: Medium Priority Issues
**Goal**: Enhance accessibility experience

- [ ] Add ARIA live regions for dynamic content
- [ ] Implement accessible data tables
- [ ] Add breadcrumb navigation
- [ ] Enhance mobile accessibility
- [ ] Improve error recovery

**Testing**: Full WCAG 2.1 AA audit

## Week 7-8: Low Priority Issues
**Goal**: Polish and AAA-level enhancements

- [ ] Add extended descriptions where helpful
- [ ] Implement reading level indicators
- [ ] Add sign language videos for key content
- [ ] Enhance keyboard shortcuts
- [ ] Document accessibility features

**Testing**: User testing with people with disabilities

# .github/workflows/accessibility.yml
name: Accessibility Tests

on: [push, pull_request]

jobs:
  a11y-tests:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v2

      - name: Install dependencies
        run: npm install

      - name: Build application
        run: npm run build

      - name: Start server
        run: npm start &

      - name: Run axe tests
        run: npm run test:a11y

      - name: Upload results
        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
        with:
          name: accessibility-report
          path: accessibility-report.html

      - name: Comment PR with results
        uses: actions/github-script@v5
        with:
          script: |
            const results = require('./accessibility-results.json');
            const violations = results.violations.length;

            if (violations > 0) {
              core.setFailed(`Found ${violations} accessibility violations`);
            }